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Steam turbine for steam-gas block
Kober, Ondřej ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with the design of two variants of a condensing steam turbine for a steam-gas unit. In the first variant, steam bleeding from the turbine for low-pressure regeneration is considered, in the second variant heat regeneration would be provided by a heat recovery steam generator, which is not the subject of the master’s thesis. Three unregulated steam extractions for the deaerator and two low-pressure heaters are considered for the turbine with steam bleeding. Both turbines were designed with an impulse governing stage and a reaction blading. The result of the design of bleeding variant is a turbine with a speed of 7000 min-1 with 7 cones, 33 stages with power output of 13,69 MW and an efficiency of 81,83%. The turbine without bleeding has a speed of 6500 min-1, 7 cones, 38 degrees, power output of 14,13 MW and an efficiency of 81,97%. The consumption characteristics are given for both turbines at the end. For the steam bleeding turbine, a drawing of the turbine section is attached to the thesis.
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Steam Turbine for Biomass Power Plant
Ingr, Adam ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This master‘s thesis deals with thermodynamic calculation of condensing steam turbine with controlled extraction point for heat exchanger, into biomass power plant block. Rated output of steam turbine is 6.5 MW and rated output of heat exchanger is 4.5 MW. At the beginning of the thesis is explained the heat scheme and the effect of heat regeneration on the design of turbine. Attention was also paid to the heat equation of individual thermal diagram devices and the calculation of the steam mass flow rate. The next part is focused on thermodynamic calculation of the turbine, followed by mechanical stress calculations. The calculation is divided into preliminary design and detailed calculation. At the end, the performance analysis of the designed turbine is made.
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Steam Turbine for Biomass Power Plant
Doseděl, Jakub ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is a design of a condensing steam turbine based on technical specification of inlet steam - maximal mass flow 120 t/h, temperature 440 °C; on temperature in deaerator 125 °C; on mass flow 0 – 60 t/h and pressure 3,0 bar(a) of regulated steam extraction and on ambient temperature in the vicinity 25 °C. The result contains steam turbine with reaction blading, work output 28,76 MWe and efficiency 82 %.
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Steam turbine for an industrial CHP plant
Tretera, Michal ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the thermodynamic design of a backpressure steam turbine. The mass flow of steam through the turbine is determined based on the required heat output, which is transferred in a heat exchanger at the turbine outlet. The governing stage of the turbine is in form of an impulse stage, with optimization of degree of reaction included. During the optimization, a suitable rotor blade was chosen as well as its size. The governing stage is followed by fifteen stages of reaction blading with the stage loading coefficient in the range of 2,75 to 2,80. The governing stage and the reaction blading both meet the mechanical strength requirements. Balancing piston, sealing system and bearings are also designed. Finally, a turbine characteristic is created as well as a longitudinal section. The designed turbine has a speed of 10 000 rpm. While supplying the required heat output, it has a terminal power output of 5 863,4 kW and a thermodynamic efficiency of 84,69 %.
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Retrofit steam turbine 210 MW
Sedláček, Tomáš ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This master‘s thesis deals with the retrofit of a three-body condensing steam turbine with an output of 210 MW. The first part deals with the thermal diagram, which is designed with seven unregulated steam extractions and one extraction for degassing. The mass flow is determined here on the basis of the required power and three thermal diagrams are made for different outputs. In the next part, the regulation stage in the A-wheel design was designed, including the strength control. The main subject is the design of the stage part, which is divided into preliminary and a detailed calculation relating only to the high pressure section of the steam turbine. During the optimization phase, a detailed calculation is linked to the thermal diagram and the regulation stage. The resulting blading of the HP section is optimized based on the selected properties, including strength control. An orientation design of the compensating piston together with the sealing system is also included, for selected diameters, due to the unknown action of the axial force from the MP and LP section. Furthermore, a strength check of the inner nodes of the existing body of the high-pressure section is performed, where the need to use the inner body arises. The designed HP section, including the regulation stage, achieves an internal power of 69,5 MW, an internal thermodynamic efficiency of 92 % and a reheat factor of 1,0168.
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Steam turbine for a waste incinerator
Balažovič, Lukáš ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
The diploma thesis contains the design and comparison of two steam turbines for a waste-to-energy plant. One turbine is single shaft and the second is divided into two parts, high speed and low speed, on two separate shafts. A thermodynamic calculation of the blading of both variants is performed and subsequently evaluated. Furthermore, the axial and radial forces in the turbine are calculated, based on which suitable bearings are selected. At the end of the thesis, a simplified economic comparison is made for the winter operation when the steam goes to the central heating system. In the case of the single shaft turbine, about 10 % of the steam is thwarted in the low pressure section of the turbine, while in the second variant all the steam goes to the heat exchanger. Based on the design, three conceptual drawings are drawn.
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Retrofit steam turbine 210 MW
Sedláček, Tomáš ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This master‘s thesis deals with the retrofit of a three-body condensing steam turbine with an output of 210 MW. The first part deals with the thermal diagram, which is designed with seven unregulated steam extractions and one extraction for degassing. The mass flow is determined here on the basis of the required power and three thermal diagrams are made for different outputs. In the next part, the regulation stage in the A-wheel design was designed, including the strength control. The main subject is the design of the stage part, which is divided into preliminary and a detailed calculation relating only to the high pressure section of the steam turbine. During the optimization phase, a detailed calculation is linked to the thermal diagram and the regulation stage. The resulting blading of the HP section is optimized based on the selected properties, including strength control. An orientation design of the compensating piston together with the sealing system is also included, for selected diameters, due to the unknown action of the axial force from the MP and LP section. Furthermore, a strength check of the inner nodes of the existing body of the high-pressure section is performed, where the need to use the inner body arises. The designed HP section, including the regulation stage, achieves an internal power of 69,5 MW, an internal thermodynamic efficiency of 92 % and a reheat factor of 1,0168.
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Steam turbine for steam-gas block
Kober, Ondřej ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with the design of two variants of a condensing steam turbine for a steam-gas unit. In the first variant, steam bleeding from the turbine for low-pressure regeneration is considered, in the second variant heat regeneration would be provided by a heat recovery steam generator, which is not the subject of the master’s thesis. Three unregulated steam extractions for the deaerator and two low-pressure heaters are considered for the turbine with steam bleeding. Both turbines were designed with an impulse governing stage and a reaction blading. The result of the design of bleeding variant is a turbine with a speed of 7000 min-1 with 7 cones, 33 stages with power output of 13,69 MW and an efficiency of 81,83%. The turbine without bleeding has a speed of 6500 min-1, 7 cones, 38 degrees, power output of 14,13 MW and an efficiency of 81,97%. The consumption characteristics are given for both turbines at the end. For the steam bleeding turbine, a drawing of the turbine section is attached to the thesis.
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Steam turbine for an industrial CHP plant
Tretera, Michal ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the thermodynamic design of a backpressure steam turbine. The mass flow of steam through the turbine is determined based on the required heat output, which is transferred in a heat exchanger at the turbine outlet. The governing stage of the turbine is in form of an impulse stage, with optimization of degree of reaction included. During the optimization, a suitable rotor blade was chosen as well as its size. The governing stage is followed by fifteen stages of reaction blading with the stage loading coefficient in the range of 2,75 to 2,80. The governing stage and the reaction blading both meet the mechanical strength requirements. Balancing piston, sealing system and bearings are also designed. Finally, a turbine characteristic is created as well as a longitudinal section. The designed turbine has a speed of 10 000 rpm. While supplying the required heat output, it has a terminal power output of 5 863,4 kW and a thermodynamic efficiency of 84,69 %.
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Steam Turbine for Biomass Power Plant
Doseděl, Jakub ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is a design of a condensing steam turbine based on technical specification of inlet steam - maximal mass flow 120 t/h, temperature 440 °C; on temperature in deaerator 125 °C; on mass flow 0 – 60 t/h and pressure 3,0 bar(a) of regulated steam extraction and on ambient temperature in the vicinity 25 °C. The result contains steam turbine with reaction blading, work output 28,76 MWe and efficiency 82 %.
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